Francis II of Naples

Francis II of Naples (1836-1894), King of Naples (1859-1861). Son of Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies, and grandson of Francis I, he was the last Bourbon ruler of the Two Sicilies. He tried to continue the autocratic policies of his father, but his kingdom was lost in the unification of Italy. In 1860 the kingdom was invaded by revolutionary troops under the nationalist leader Giuseppe Garibaldi, and it was forced to capitulate the following year. Compelled to abdicate in 1861, Francis lived subsequently in various European countries, from which he occasionally organized abortive conspiracies against the new kingdom of Italy.