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| Basic Facts |
| Official name |
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg |
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| Capital |
Luxembourg |
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| Area |
2,586 sq km |
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998 sq mi |
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| Largest cities (population) |
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| Luxembourg |
83,800 (2007 estimate) |
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| Esch-sur-Alzette |
27,900 (2004 estimate) |
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| Differdange |
18,900 (2004 estimate) |
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| Dudelange |
17,500 (2003 estimate) |
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| Pétange |
14,400 (2004 estimate) |
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| Hobscheid |
8,429 (1995) |
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| Limpertsberg |
7,356 (1995) |
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| Schifflange |
6,859 (1995) |
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| Bettembourg |
6,336 (1995) |
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| Ettelbruck |
5,841 (1995) |
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| Luxembourg Flag and Anthem |
 Expand |
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| People |
| Population |
486,006 (2008 estimate) |
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| Population growth rate |
1.19 per cent (2008 estimate) |
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| Population density |
188 persons per sq km (2008 estimate) |
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487 persons per sq mi (2008 estimate) |
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| Urbanization |
| Per cent urban |
92 per cent (2003 estimate) |
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| Per cent rural |
8 per cent (2003 estimate) |
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| Life expectancy |
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| Total |
79.2 years (2008 estimate) |
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| Female |
82.7 years (2008 estimate) |
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| Male |
75.9 years (2008 estimate) |
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| Infant mortality rate |
| 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) |
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| Literacy rate |
| Total |
100 per cent (1995) |
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| Female |
Not available |
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| Male |
Not available |
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| Ethnic divisions |
| Celtic base (with French<p />and German blend) |
75 per cent |
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| Guest workers and residents from<p />other European countries, including<p />Portugal and Italy |
25 per cent |
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| Languages |
| Luxembourgish (official), German (official), French (official) |
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| Religions |
| Roman Catholic |
97 per cent |
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| Protestant, Jewish, none |
3 per cent |
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| Government |
| Type of government |
Constitutional monarchy |
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| Independence |
May 10, 1867 (from Zollverein, the German customs union) |
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| Constitution |
October 17, 1868; amended 1919, 1956, 1994, 1996, 1998 |
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| Voting rights |
Universal and compulsory at age 18 |
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| Economy |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (US$) |
| 41,469 million (2006) |
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| GDP per capita (US$) |
89,778.80 (2006) |
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| GDP by economic sector |
| GDP, agriculture |
0.4 per cent (2006) |
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| GDP, industry |
14.6 per cent (2006) |
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| GDP, services |
85 per cent (2006) |
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| National budget (US$) |
| Total revenue |
15,716 million (2006) |
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| Total expenditure |
14,755 million (2006) |
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| Monetary unit |
| 1 euro (EUR), consisting of 100 cents |
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| Euro (€) notes and coins replaced the Luxembourg franc as the national currency on January 1, 2002. |
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| Exports |
| Finished steel products, chemicals, rubber products, glass, aluminium, other industrial products |
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| Imports |
| Minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods |
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| Major trading partners for exports |
| Germany, France, Belgium, United Kingdom, Netherlands, United States, Italy |
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| Major trading partners for imports |
| Belgium, Germany, France, Netherlands, United States, Italy |
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| Industries |
| Banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tyres, glass, aluminium |
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| Agriculture |
| Principal products: barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes, cattle |
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| Natural resources |
| Iron ore |
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| Sources |
| Basic Facts and People sections |
| Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org). |
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| Health and Education section |
| Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). |
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| Government section |
| Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data are from Military Balance. |
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| Economy section |
| Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications. |
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| Energy, Communication, and Transportation section |
| Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). |
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| Note |
| Figures may not total 100 per cent due to rounding. |
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