Mikhail Bulgakov

Russian novelist and playwright Mikhail Bulgakov’s first major work was the novel The White Guard (1925; trans. 1971), a realistic portrayal of a group of anti-Bolshevik White Russian officers during the civil war, which was met by a barrage of criticism for its lack of a communist hero. Bulgakov reworked it into a play, The Days of the Turbins (1926; trans. 1934), though it was subsequently banned. His masterpiece is the novel The Master and Margarita (1966; trans. 1967), a remarkable multi-level fantasy.

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Bulgakov, Mikhail

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